| Question |
Answer |
| What is the most common type of thermal injury in children aged 4 and younger? |
|
Scalding injuries (followed by contact burns and flame burns)
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| What are the most common sources of burns in children aged 6 months old to 2 years old? |
|
Hot liquids and hot foods
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| Tissue injury resulting from an excessive exposure to thermal, chemical, electrical or radioactive agents… |
|
Burn
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| What are the factors that determine the extent of injury from a burn? |
|
The type, duration, and intensity of the agent and the part of the body involved
|
| Burn injuries can be classified by the depth of the burn. What type of burn is the following?
Most painful, nerves are intact
|
|
Superficial
|
| Burn injuries can be classified by the depth of the burn. What type of burn is the following?
Burn that extends through the dermis |
|
Partial thickness
|
| Burn injuries can be classified by the depth of the burn. What type of burn is the following?
Burn that extends beyond the hair follicles and doesn't produce a lot of pain |
|
Full thickness
|
| Burns can be classified by the severity of the injury. A burn that extends through the epidermis is referred to as a ______ degree burn. |
|
First degree
|
| Burns can be classified by the severity of the injury. A burn that extends through the epidermis, dermis and hair follicle appendages is referred to as a ______ degree burn. |
|
Second degree
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| Burns can be classified by the severity of the injury. A burn that extends through the subcutaneous layer is referred to as a ______ degree burn. |
|
Third degree
|
|
|
| The following are hallmark characteristics of a _________ burn.
Dry, Painful, Red color, Singed hair and swollen |
|
Superficial
|
| The following are characteristics associated with a _______ burn:
Blistered, Painful, Red to white color, Swollen, Wet weepy wound, Singed hair that does not pull out when tugged |
|
Partial thickness
|
| The following characteristics are hallmark for a ________ burn:
Dry, Insensate, Tan to brown color, Firm to touch, Dry wound, Hair that plucks out when tugged |
|
Full thickness
|
| In a child with full thickness burns, how are the presence of pulses confirmed? |
|
A doppler can be used to ensure that pulses are present distally.
|
| What surgery is performed to treat constriction caused by healing wound tissue that is occluding blood flow to a distal area? |
|
Escharotomy is performed to prevent constriction, compression distal to the injury
|
| What is the palm method for assessing burn surface area? |
|
The child's palm represent 1% of the body
|
| What method is used by most burn centers to assess the extent of a patient's burns? |
|
The Lund-Browder chart
|
| Why is the "Rule of Nines" not an accurate tool for determining the extent of an infant's/young child's burns? |
|
Infant head size is larger than adults (18% of the body vs. 9% in adults). An infant's legs account for 14 % surface area whereas it accounts for 18% of an adults.
|
| What factors does the Lund-Browder burn assessment scale take into account when determine the extent of a child's burn? |
|
The age of the child, area affected, and percentage of the body surface area based upon height and weight
|
| A major burn is one that covers ____% of a child's total body surface area that are partial or full thickness. |
|
20%
|
| A moderate burn is one that has combination thicknesses of burns and covers _____% of a child's total body surface area. |
|
10-20%
|
| A minor burn is one that covers ______ % of a child's total body surface area and is superficial or partial thickness. |
|
Less than 10%
|
| What factors can cause a seemingly minor burn to be classified as moderate or severe? |
|
Burns of the face, hands, feet, perineum, crossing joints, electrical burns, presence of inhalation injury or concomitant trauma, & presence of chronic illnesses
|
| Where should children with burns classified as severe be treated? |
|
At a specialized burn center
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| Where should children with burns classified as moderate be treated? |
|
At a hospital with some expertise in burn injuries
|
| Where should children with burns classified as mild be treated? |
|
Outpatient
|
| What order are the different burn types (thermal, chemical, electrical, scald and radiation) seen in order of prevalence? |
|
Scald (Water or Grease)
Thermal (Flame or Contact)
Electrical
Chemical
Radiation
|
| ________ are the number one cause of thermal injuries in children under the age of four. |
|
Scalds
|
| Why are scald injuries more prevalent in children aged 4 and under?
|
|
Younger children have thinner skins, Larger proportion of body is skin, Children have little control of environment and Young children have less perception of danger
|
| If the hot water heater is set to 120 degrees farenheit, how long would a child have to be exposed in order to suffer from full thickness burns? |
|
Less than 5 minutes
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