Question |
Answer |
Which gender is most likely to suffer from a sleep disorder? |
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Women
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What part of the brain regulates wakefulness? |
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The reticular activating system
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Sleep _______ is the time period measured from bedtime to the beginning of sleep. |
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Sleep latency
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Sleep_________ is the pattern of NREM and REM which occurs in a 90-110 minute cycle. |
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Sleep architecture
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What regulates the stages and timing of sleep? |
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Circadian rhythms
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Sleep ________ is the ratio of total sleep time to nocturnal time in bed. |
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Sleep efficiency
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Where is the biologic clock that regulates circadian rhythm located in the brain? |
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The suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus
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_______ is the term for people who perform best in the early morning and make up most of the population. |
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Larks
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________ is the term for people who are more alert and perform better in the late evening hours, have a natural tendency to stay up late and are at higher risk for developing sleep apnea or insomnia. |
|
Owls
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How often does the NREM-REM cycle repeat itself a night? |
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5-6 times
|
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How does REM sleep change throughout the sleep cycle? |
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REM sleep lengthens with each successive cycle, dominating at the end of the sleep period.
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Which phase of sleep is most dominant in the early evening? |
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NREM
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Which phase of sleep is most dominant in the latter stages of sleep? |
|
REM sleep lengthens with each successive cycle, dominating at the end of the sleep period.
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NREM occurs about ________ minutes after falling asleep. |
|
90
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What are the characteristics of stages 1 & 2 of sleep? |
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It is light, the person is easily aroused, may not recognize they'd been asleep.
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Stage _____ of sleep accounts for 5% of a night's sleep and is the transition between sleep and wakefulness. |
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Stage 1
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Which stage of sleep comprises the majority of a night's sleep? |
|
Stage 2
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What happens to the brain rhythms during Stage 1 & 2 of sleep? |
|
Alpha rhythms are gradually replaced by theta rhythms.
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When do sleep spindles or k complexes occur during sleep (what stage)? |
|
Stage 2
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The deepest state of sleep is called ________ sleep and is thought to have a restorative function. |
|
Slow wave sleep
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What stages of sleep does the deepest, most restorative sleep occur in? |
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Stages 3 & 4
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What brain waves are seen in stage 3 and 4 of sleep? |
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Delta waves, stage 3 has 20-50% of delta waves and stage 4 has more than 50%.
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What happens to the brain during REM sleep? |
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It is very active, more blood flows to the brain and brain temperature increases.
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Why is there a paralysis of the head and neck during REM sleep? |
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Nerve impulses from the spinal cord are blocked allowing for only strong impulses are relayed including impulses controlling heart rate and respirations (both become irregular).
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T/F People don't sweat or shiver during REM sleep. |
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TRUE, temperature regulation is impaired
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T/F As people age, the need for sleep decreases. |
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False, the need to sleep doesn't decrease but the ability to sleep does.
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How long does it typically take for sleepiness to dissapate once a sleep disturbance is corrected? |
|
4-6 days
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What activities are known to decrease REM sleep? |
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Rising early, alcohol intake before bed, and CNS-acting medications/drugs.
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________ occurs when there is recurrent long term sleep deprivation. |
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Sleep debt
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How does the body compensate for lost REM sleep? |
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The body compensates by an earlier occurrence of REM sleep during the next night.
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